Brungger



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. BRNGGER.

DIGESTBR.

No. 483,828. Patented Oct. 4, 1892.

D N' Y KJ A? 4 Inte/hln V Hbrmnnriily el;

t UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERMANN BRNGGER, OF OUNNERSDORF, ASSIGNOR TO FERDINAND SALOMON, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

DIGESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 483,828, dated October 4, 1892.

Application tiled llpril 26, 1890. Serial No. 349,623. (No model.) Patented in England September 17, 1888, No. 13,396, and December l0, 1888, No. 18,003, in Norway September 17, 1888, No. 1,087; in France October 19, 1888. No.193i637; in Belgium November 5, 1888, No. 83,841, and December 1, 1888l No. 84,140; in Germany November 7, 1888, No. 50,789, and

in Switzerland February 5, 1889, No. 398,

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN BRUNGGER, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Gunnersdorf, in the district of Liegnitz, German Enipire, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Digesters, (for which I have obtained a patent in Switzerland, dated February 5, 1889, No. 398, and for which I have obtained patents in conjunction with Ferdinand Salomon, LL. D. and manufacturer, a subject of the King of Prussia, residing at 59 Mohrenstrasse, Berlin, who is interested in said invention with me, in the following coiin tries, to Wit: Great Britain, September 17, 1888, No. 13,396, and December 10, 1888, No. 18,003 5 Norway, September 17, 1888, No. 1,087 5 France, October 19, 1888, No. 193,637; Ger.

many, November 7, 1888, No. 50,789, and in Belgium, November 5, 1888, No. 83,841, and December 1, 1888, No. 84,140 5) and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in the art to Which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or iigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal axial section of a revoluble jacketed boiler. Eig. 2 is a like view of a boiler inclosed Within aheating-cliainber, and Fig. 3 is a vertical axial .section o f a stationary boiler inclosed Within a heatingchamber. i

The invention has for its obJect to provide digesters or boilers with a lining that is insoluble in the fluid with Which such digesters or boilers are or may be charged-as, for instance, in that class of digesters or boilers employed in the disintegration of fibrous materials by the sulphite process or other processes in Which solutions are employed that have a deleterious or corrosive effect upon the metallic surfaces of the digester or boiler brought in contact therewith.,

In my application for Letters Patent of the United States of even date with this, Serial No. 349,622, I have described a process or method of providing a lining insoluble in sulphite solutions by means of the solution itself; but such lining may be formed in boilers or digesters used in conjunction with other fluids or solutions Which may have a deleterious action upon the metallic surfaces thereof, such linings being likewise formed by means of a solution of a salt or salts that when precipitated or separated from their solution will be insoluble in the fluid or solution used in the boiler, and thereby protect such boiler against the corrosive action of such fluid or solution, as described in another application of even date with this, Serial N o. 349,621.

To these ends the invention consists in boilers or digesters provided With a lining, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and as set forth in the claims.

In carrying out my invention various salts or combinations of salts may be employed, from the solution of which the boiler-lining may be produced by a decomposition or partial decomposition of the solution or by separation, in conjunction with heat, to form a hard incrustation. Thus, for instance, linings of a more or less strong nature may be producedfromsolutionsofsulpliateofcalcium, barium sulphite, or sulphite of strontium, and similarly of other salts soluble in Water that will separate or precipitate from their solutions by decomposition or partial decomposition of the latter or simply by separation, so that boilers or digesters may be provided with a lining that may be insoluble in the solution of the salt from which such lining has been derived, or insoluble in some other fluid or chemical solution that Would act corrosively upon bare boiler-Walls.

I am not able at the present time to positively determine the reactions that take place or may take place under the influence of heat upon any particular salt or combination of salts; but from experiments made With some of the salts of the alkaline earths I may state that in the case of a bisulphite,

as of a bisulphite of calcium, the salt is converted into a monosulphite, which by the further action of the heat is decomposed into calcic sulphate and sulphide with evolution of water, sulphurous oxide, and sulphur, which calcio sulphate and sulphide, with some of the monosulphite that remains, areA insoluble in the bisulphite solution. Such linings may also be produced from a barium or strontium sulphite; in fact, from any salt or salts that are more or less solublein water and which can be separated therefrom by the agency of heat to form a lining to prof enamel-like, hard,y compact, and adheresto the boiler-walls with exceedingtenacitvandshould such lining crackor iissure from any cause vit can vbereadily repaired by deposition froma solution of a salt ory saltsfrom which such lining *has originallyvfbeenwproduced.l

The degree of saturation of-the` solution.is',: so faras I have been lable 4to determine, imma-r; terial, as the separation of .the salt fromits solution `will take place under -theintluence of heat whether the solution is introducedinto a preheated boiler or digester or whetherl the walls of the latterin contact with thezsolu- 1 tion are heatedV after'the introduction of the solution.-

In Figure 1 have shown a convenient means for heatingrthe solution in the digester or boiler with a view to its decomposition .orf

partial decomposition'to separate the salt therefrom and produce or formV a crust or lining within the boiler.v In this construction s the boiler. A is provided with aninclosing jacket B,Vsuch boiler being revoluble on jours..

nals or trunnions -AV A2, respectively, said boiler revolving on rollingbearingsiEj. As-

shown,. the .journal or trunnion A has `an axial stem a', so .constructed as to leave an.

annularspace around it for a stuffing-box gland a2, said axial stem. having two passages l and 2. The passagel is connected with a suitable steam-generator or superheater or steam-reservoir and communicates at its inner end with an annular passage :3, that opensinto the boiler-jacket B. To the outer` end of the passage 2 is connected a valve L and to the inner end of such pas.

sage a pipe K, that extends into proximity vto the innerwallot' the boiler and terminates in a bent portion lo. This pipe'andv the valved passageperform the function of a valved vent whereby the vapors or vgases accumu-l lating within the boiler duringthe process of ldecomposition of vthe solution may be allowed to escape into'the atmosphere.

D D indicate tubular connections that connect the jacket of the boiler with the jacket of the manholes C, and E is a pipe that is connected with a pipe E, secured in the bore ot' the tubular journal A2, through which the steam admitted tothe jacket B is allowed to escape.

Instead of providing the boiler with a heating-jacket such boiler may be contained in a heating-chamber constructed of masonry, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and, if desired, a reservoir J for the salt solution may be arranged within the heating-chamber and connected with the boiler,a suitable check-valve V being interposedin such connection,"and a pressure-regulatingLval've" V" may be linterposed in the supply-pipe ofthe reservoir J, as shown in Fig. 3, for obvious purposes.

In either of the described arrangements or constructionvof boiler the jacket or' heating# chamber serves,'also, to heatthe fluid in the boiler Vfor whateverv purpose suchiiuid 'may' be used-asyfor instance, the sulphite solution in the process of disintegrating fibrous' materials-and in the arrangement shown in'` Fi'gt eitherthe solution of the salts forform'- ingrtheincrustatedflining in the boiler or the fluid or solution subsequently 4used in the f boiler can bekept ata proper temperature, sothat a saving of fuel is effected.

In Figs; 2 and 3 thel arrows a3 and a4 indi cate, respectively, the admission'and escapeV of the heating medium, such as heated airor air and othergases.

IOO

When theboiler is revolubl'e, as shownV in Figs.:1 and 2,7it is notnecessary'to completely fill it withthe solution ofv a salt'in order to form a protective lining for s'uch'boiler by the'y decomposition or partial decomposition of the solution', sincethe entire interior vsurface ofy the boiler will come in contact with thesoluf tion duringthe rotation of such boiler. When,

however, the boiler is astationaryo'ne, whether horizontal or vertical, then it becomes neces'- sary to completely ll such boiler-with the salt f solution, as will be readily understood.V

The degree to which the boiler-walls in `contact with the `solution are heated will vary line earths the temperature may rangefrom 100Q centigrade upward.

`according tothe nature of the solution. In the case of a lsolution of a salt of the alka- IRO It is obvious that by means of the described process the usual expensive linings for the' digesters or boilers may be entirely or partially dispensed with, which has Vheretofore not been the case.;

The advantages of boilers or'digeste'rs lined as described over the usual lining 'of such boilers with lead or other material will be 1. A digester or boiler having its interior surface provided with a protective coating or lining of a salt or salts precipitated upon said surface and insoluble in the solution used in the boiler, as set forth.

2. As an improvement in apparatus for manufacturing cellulose by the sulphite process, a boiler or digester having its interior surface provided with a protective coating or lining of a salt or salts precipitated upon said surface and insoluble' in sulphite solutions, as set forth.

3. As an improvement in apparatus for manufacturing cellulose by the sulphite process, a boiler or digester having its interior surface provided with a protective coating or lining of a salt or salts of the alkaline earths precipitated upon said surface and insoluble in sulphite solutions, as set forth.

4. As an improvement in apparatus for manufacturing cellulose by the sulphite process, a boiler or digester having its interior surface provided with a protective coating or lining of a sulphur salt or sulphur salts of the alkaline earths precipitated upon said surface and insoluble in sulphite solutions, as set forth.

5. As an improvement in apparatus for manufacturing cellulose by the sulphite process, a boiler or digester having its interior surface provided with a protective coating or lining of a sulphur salt or sulphur salts of calcium precipitated upon said surface and insoluble in sulphite solutions, as set forth.

6. A digester or boiler having its interior surface provided with a protective coating or lining consisting in part of a sulphite andinsoluble in sulphite solutions, as set forth.

In testimony whereof Iafx my signature in presence of two witnesses.`

HERMANN BRUNGGER.

Witnesses:

J. J. KENNEDY, Trios. I-I. SAVERY. 

